必知雅思閱讀考試常識(shí)
2014-12-25 16:20:33留學(xué)網(wǎng)整理
雅思閱讀考試的文章以大眾題材為主，內(nèi)容涉及經(jīng)濟(jì)、教育、科技、醫(yī)學(xué)、環(huán)境、能源、地質(zhì)、海洋、動(dòng)物等方面問題，而不涉及專業(yè)性很強(qiáng)的文章，以免給不同專業(yè)的考生造成優(yōu)勢(shì)或劣勢(shì)；甚至有些知識(shí)都是我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪兴私獾模虼嗽谘潘奸喿x考試中，考生在拿到題目時(shí)可以首先考慮利用常識(shí)能否直接找出答案，而不是匆忙找定位詞到文章中定位。下面我們結(jié)合題目具體說明常識(shí)在做題中的作用。
例一（劍六P71 The Search for the Anti-aging Pill）
Questions 33-37
Classify the following descriptions as relating to
A. caloric-restricted monkeys
B. control monkeys
C. neither caloric-restricted monkeys nor control monkeys
33. Monkeys were less likely to become diabetic.
34. Monkeys experienced more chronic disease.
35. Monkeys have been shown to experience a longer than average life span.
36. Monkeys enjoyed a reduced chance of heart disease.
37. Monkeys produced greater quantities of insulin.
解題：
首先讀選項(xiàng)，我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)A 選項(xiàng)是卡路里即熱量攝入受限制的猴子，而B選項(xiàng)，我們可以猜出它為熱量攝入不受限制的猴子，當(dāng)然若考生不確定可以到文章中定位找control monkeys，原文為“control animals that eat normally”,因此可以確定B選項(xiàng)為正常飲食即熱量攝入不受限制的猴子。
接下來讀題目，33題為“猴子成為糖尿病患者的幾率減少”，根據(jù)常識(shí)我們都知道現(xiàn)在健康專家提倡人們減少卡路里即熱量的攝入，因此我們可以斷定此題答案為A； 而34題為“猴子經(jīng)歷更多的慢性疾病”，根據(jù)同樣的常識(shí)我又可以斷定此題答案為B；36題為“猴子得心臟病的幾率減少”，我們也可以得出答案為A。
35題和37題可能根據(jù)常識(shí)無法確定答案，這種情況下考生就需要利用定位詞到文章中定位找答案了。
例二（劍五P89 Flawed Beauty: the problem with toughened glass）
Questions 18-23
Complete the summary with the list of words A-P below.
Toughened glass
Toughened glass is favored by architects because it is much stronger than ordinary glass, and the fragments are not as 18________ when it breaks. However, it has one disadvantage: it can shatter 19________. This fault is a result of the manufacturing process. Ordinary glass is first heated, then cooled very 20________. The outer layer 21________ before the inner layer, and the tension between the two layers……These are unstable, and can expand suddenly, particularly if the weather is 22________. If this happens, the pane of glass may break. The frequency with which such problems occur is 23________ by glass experts…….
解題：根據(jù)題目中的第一句話我們能猜出toughened glass為鋼化玻璃，18題中講當(dāng)鋼化玻璃破碎時(shí)，它的碎片不像普通玻璃一樣____根據(jù)常識(shí)我們知道鋼化玻璃破碎時(shí)碎片不那么鋒利，所以此題答案為F；同樣根據(jù)常識(shí)，鋼化玻璃有時(shí)會(huì)突然破碎，19題答案為I；20題考生若不確定答案可以利用定位信息到文章中定位答案，答案為C；21題我們又可以利用常識(shí)“熱脹冷縮”，判斷肯定外層比內(nèi)層先收縮，所以答案為K；22題同樣利用“熱脹冷縮”的常識(shí)，肯定是天暖和的時(shí)候才會(huì)膨脹，因此確定答案為E；23題根據(jù)常識(shí)無法確定答案，考生利用定位信息到文章中定位確定答案，答案為L(zhǎng)。
