拿下這20道易錯題，徹底攻下非謂語動詞

　　1. He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.

　　A. put

　　B. to be putting

　　C. to put

　　D. putting

　　【答案與解析】選D。catch sb doing sth 意為“碰上某人在做某事”或“逮住某做某事”。

　　2. When you’re learning to drive， _______ a good teacher makes a big difference.

　　A. have

　　B. having

　　C. and have

　　D. and having

　　【答案與解析】選B。這是一個含when 引導時間狀語從句的主從復合句，having a good teacher 在主句中用作主語。

　　3. I felt it a great honour ______ to speak to you.

　　A. to ask

　　B. asking

　　C. to be asked

　　D. having asked

　　【答案與解析】選C。句中的 it 為形式賓語，不定式 to be asked to speak to you 為真正賓語，因“我”與ask為被動關系，故用被動式。

　　4. I would love _______ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.

　　A. to go

　　B. to have gone

　　C. going

　　D. having gone

　　【答案與解析】選 B。like 和 love后接不定式或動名詞均可，但 would love / like 后只能接不定式，據此可排除選項 C、D。表示過去未曾實現的愿望，其后要接不定式的完成式，即選 B。

　　5. Before you decide to leave your job， _______ the effect it will have on your family.

　　A. consider

　　B. considering

　　C. to consider

　　D. considered

　　【答案與解析】選A，before 引導的是時間狀語從句，填空句為主句，而此主句為祈使句，故動詞用原形。其中 it will have … 為修飾名詞 the effect 的定語從句。

　　6. Robert is said _______ abroad， but I don’t know what country he studied in.

　　A. to have studied

　　B. to study

　　C. to be studying

　　D. to have been studying

　　【答案與解析】選 A。根據句中的 studied 可知，他曾到國外留過學，也就是說“留學”這個動作已結束并發生在謂語動作(is said)之前，故用完成式，即選 A。

　　7. It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows _______.

　　A. it what to do with

　　B. what to do it with

　　C. what to do with it

　　D. to do what with it

　　【答案與解析】選 C。do with 與 what 連用可以表示“處置”、“放置”、“利用”等。如：

　　What have you done with my umbrella？

　　你把我的雨傘放到哪 里去了？

　　I don’t know what to do with this strange object.

　　我不知道這怪東西有什么用。

　　8. Anyone _______ bags， boxes， or whatever， was stopped by the police.

　　A. seen carry

　　B. seen carrying

　　C. saw to carry

　　D. saw carrying

　　【答案與解析】選B。anyone seen carrying bags…為 anyone who was seen carrying bags 之省略，其中過去分詞短語 seen carrying bags … 用作定語修飾代詞 anyone。

　　9. Mr Read made up his mind to devote all he had to _______ some schools for poor children.

　　A. set up

　　B. setting up

　　C. have set up

　　D. having set up

　　【答案與解析】選 B。devote…to… 的意思是“把……貢獻給……”或“致力于……”，其中 to 是介詞，不是不定式符號，其后動詞要用動名詞。句中的 he had 為定語從句，用以修飾 all，注意不將 had to 視為同一個語義結構。

　　10. The discovery of new evidence led to _______.

　　A. the thief having caught

　　B. catch the thief

　　C. the thief being caught

　　D. the thief to be caught

　　【答案與解析】選 C。lead to 意為“導致”，其中的 to 是介詞，不是不定式符號，若后接動詞要用動名詞。由于邏輯主語 the thief 與catch 為被動關系，故答案選 C。

　　11. She looks forward every spring to _______ the flower-lined garden.

　　A. visit

　　B. paying a visit

　　C. walk in

　　D. walking in

　　【答案與解析】選 D。look forward to 意為“期盼”，其中 to 是介詞，后接動詞要用動名詞。注意不能選 B，因為 pay a visit 不能帶 the flower-lined garden 作賓語，假若在 paying a visit 后加上介詞 to，則可選 B。

　　12. To test eggs， _______ them in a bowl of water： if they float they’re bad， if they sink they’re good.

　　A. put

　　B. putting

　　C. to put

　　D. to be putting

　　【答案與解析】選A。句首的 to test eggs 為目的狀語，填空句為祈使句，故要用動詞原形。

　　13. “Where is David？” “He is upstairs ______ ready to go out.”

　　A. to get

　　B. getting

　　C. to be getting

　　D. having got

　　【答案與解析】選B。現在分詞短語做伴隨狀語。

　　14. “Mum， why do you always make me eat an egg every day？” “________ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.”

　　A. Get

　　B. Getting

　　C. To get

　　D. to be getting

　　【答案與解析】選C。to get enough protein and nutrition 表目的。

　　15. He was reading his book， completely _______ to the world.

　　A. lost

　　B. losing

　　C. to lose

　　D. to have lost

　　【答案與解析】選A。(be) lost to sth 為習語，意為“不再受某事物的影響”、“將某事物置之度外”。

　　16. We looked everywhere for the keys， but they are nowhere _______.

　　A. to find

　　B. to have found

　　C. to be found

　　D. being found

　　【答案與解析】選C。因keys 與 find 是被動關系。

　　17. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street， but his mother told him _______.

　　A. not to

　　B. not to do

　　C. not do it

　　D. do not do

　　【答案與解析】選 A。不定式的否定式總是將否定詞 not 置于不定式符號 to 之前，而不能置于其后，同時結合 tell sb (not) to do sth 這一結構可排除選項 C、D。當不定式的動詞是前面已出現過的相同的動詞時，為避免重復，通常省略該不定式而只保留不定式符號 to。

　　18. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _______ in the kitchen.

　　A. smoke

　　B. smoking

　　C. to smoke

　　D. smoked

　　【答案與解析】選 B。find 后可接現在分詞(表示動作在進行)或過去分詞(表被動關系)作賓語補足語，但是不接不定式。另外，由于he 與 smoke 是主動關系，故選 B。

　　19. Finding her car stolen， _______.

　　A. a policeman was asked to help

　　B. the area was searching thoroughly

　　C. it was looked for everywhere

　　D. she hurried to a policeman for help

　　【答案與解析】選 D。非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語就是句子主語。比較四個選項，finding her car stolen 的邏輯主語顯然是 she，而不是 a policeman， the area， it 等，故選 D。

　　20. ——How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers？

　　——The key ______ the problem is to meet the demand ______ by the customers.”

　　A. to solving， making B. to solving， made

　　C. to solve， making D. to solve， made

　　【答案與解析】選 B。the key to… 意為“……的關鍵”，其中的 to 是介詞，不是不定式符號，其后接動詞要用動名詞。另一方面，名詞 demand 與 make 是被動關系(make demands 提出要求)，同時根據句中的 by the customers，可確定答案選 B。