高一英語學習方法：高一英語學習竅門(2)

　　關系副詞引導的定語從句

　　一.關系副詞的用法: when在定語從句中作地點狀語; where在定語從句中作地點狀語; why在定語從句中作原因狀語

　　二.示例:

　　a. He was well at the time when I saw him.

　　b. Let’s meet at the place where we met yesterday.

　　c. This is the reason why I am in favor of the singer.

　　三.應注意的問題:

　　1.在某些表示時間的名詞后的關系副詞可省略, 這樣的名詞如: the time, every time, each time, the moment, the minute, the second等 (也有語法家認為是這些名詞直接引導了時間狀語從句)

　　a. By the time ( when ) he was fourteen years old he had learned much English.

　　介詞+關系代詞引導的定語從句

　　一.說明: 關系代詞在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時, 介詞可以位于關系代詞之前, 從而構成介詞+關系代詞引導的定語從句

　　二.這種定語從句中關系代詞的用法: 在這種定語從句中, 關系代詞只能用whom(指人)和which(指事物), 而不能使用that / who

　　三.示例:

　　a. This is the house in which he was born.

　　b. The person to whom you should write is Mr Ball.

　　c. The man with whom you talked is our English teacher.

　　d. The gentleman, with whose daughter I worked, looked down upon woman.

　　四.應注意的問題:

　　1.關系代詞前的介詞可以是單個介詞, 也可以是短語介詞或類似短語介詞的詞組

　　a. This is the house in which he was born.

　　b. At five o’clock we reached the house, in front of which there is a big tree.

　　c. At five o’clock we reached the mountain, at the foot of which lie some farmhouses.

　　2.根據表達的需要, 介詞之前還可以有其他詞, 從而構成“名詞或代詞+介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句

　　a. I used to live in a small room, the window of which faces the street.

　　b. At the gate stood a group of students, some of whom are girls.

　　3.介詞若為短語動詞中的介詞, 則不可將介詞拆開放在關系代詞之前

　　a. This is the magazine which you are looking for.( for不能放在which之前)

　　b. The child whom Aunt Li takes care of is ill.( of不能放在whom之前)

　　4.關系副詞when / where / why常可與 “介詞+關系代詞”互換

　　a. Do you remember the days when we were in Beijing? ( =in which we were in Beijing )

　　b. Do you remember the park where we once played for a whole day?( =in which we once played for a whole day )

　　c. This is the reason why he was absent yesterday. (= for which he was absent )