2011暑假必備寶典之高一英語知識點總結Unit5-6(9)

　　4. be afraid, be afraid to do sth., be afraid of (doing) sth.

　　  (1) be afraid 意為“擔心，害怕”，多用于口語，常用來表示一種歉意，或遺憾，后可接 so 或 not，也可接 that 從句。I'm afraid (that) 其語意相當于 I'm sorry, but...。

　　  -- Are we on time? 我們準時嗎? -- I'm afraid not. 恐怕不準時。I'm afraid you'll get caught in the rain.

　　  (2) be afraid to do sth 常表示“由于膽小而不敢做某事”。She is afraid to be here alone. / He is afraid to jump into the river from the bridge.

　　  (3) be afraid of (doing) sth. 常表示“擔心或害怕某事(發生)”。I was afraid of hurting her feelings.

　　5. live, living, alive, lively

　　  (1) live adj.

　　  ① 活的；活生生的；(只修飾生物；只作前置定語) The laboratory is doing experiments with several live monkeys.

　　  ② 實況直播的 (不是錄音)It wasn't a recorded show. It was live.

　　  ③ 帶電的；燃著的；可爆炸的 This is a live wire.

　　  (2) living adj. 活著的，有生命的(作表語或定語) She was, he thought, the best living novelist in England. / The old man is still living. (或alive)

　　  (3) alive adj. ① 活著的；② 有活力的；有生氣

　　作后置定語：Who's the greatest man alive?

　　  作表語：Was the snake alive or dead? / My grandmother is more alive than a lot of young people.

　　  作補語：Let's keep the fish alive.

　　  (4) lively adj. 活潑的；有生氣的；活躍的(作表語或定語) The music is bright and lively.

　　6. take off, take down, take in, take on, take up

　　  (1) take off

　　  ① (飛機)起飛 A helicopter is able to take off and land straight up or down.

　　  ② 脫下(衣裳等)；取下 He took off his wet shoes. / Who took the knob off the door?

　　  ③ 休假；請假；歇工 When his wife was sick he took off from work.

　　  ④ (指觀念、產品) 大受歡迎；(事業)突然發達，成功The new type of cell phones has really taken off. / His business began to take off when he was in his forties.

　　  (2) take down

　　  ① 拿下來；取下來 He reached up to the third shelf of the bookcase and took down a dictionary.

　　  ② 記下來 He read out the names and his secretary took them down.

　　  (3) take in

　　  ① 接受 (房客，客人等)；收留 The farmers took in the lost travelers for the night.

　　  ② 理解；領會；明白 The boys could not take in his meaning.

　　  ③包括；涉及 The study of physics takes in many different subjects.

　　  ④使上當；欺騙We were completely taken in by her story.

　　  (4) take on

　　  ① 接受；從事(某工作) After his father died, Bill took on the management of the factory.

　　  ② 雇用Is the supermarket taking on any more assis- tant?

　　  ③ 具有(新面貌、意思等) The city has taken on a new look.

　　  (5) take up

　　  ① 從事某項活動；發展某種愛好 So many young men want to take up writing.

　　  ② 開始做(某項工作)；開始學習(某個課程) Then she took up the task of getting the breakfast. / He dropped medicine and took up physics.

　　  ③ 占去 (時間或空間) The meeting took up the whole morning. / The table takes up too much room.

　　  ④ 接受I'd like to take up your offer of a ride into town.