2019年高考一輪復習英語知識點：it的用法(3)

　　2、使用"It is/was…that"強調句型要注意的幾點

　　（1）被強調部分指人時，其后除了用that之外，也可用who或whom。強調的是主語時，使用who；強調的是賓語時，使用whom。

　　It was Mary who picked up the wallet. 是瑪麗拾到了那個錢包。

　　It was one of my old schoolmates whom I visited yesterday. 我昨天去看的是我的一位老校友。

　　It was Jack that I met in the park last week. 我上星期在公園遇到的是杰克。

　　It was her that I met in the park yesterday. 昨天在公園時里我遇到的是她。

　　(2)強調句的時態

　　一般說來，原句的謂語動詞如果是現在或將來各種時態，則用句型"It is .... that(who, whom) ... 。"如果原句謂語動詞是過去各種時態，則用句型"It was ...that(who, whom)...."

　　It was only when I reread his poems recently that I began to appreciate their beauty. 只是在最近我在讀他的詩時才開始欣賞到它的美。

　　It is Smith who is leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 是史密斯先生明天去北京。

　　(3)在強調時間、地點、原因或方式狀語時，不能用when、where、why或how，只用that。

　　It was because her mother was ill that she didn't go with us. 就是因為她母親病了，她才沒跟我們一起去。

　　It was in Shanghai that the Chinese Communist Party was founded on July 1, 1921. 中國共產黨是在上海于1921年7月1日建立的。

　　注意：可用"It is/was because…that…"結構強調because引導的原因狀語從句，如上例所示，但不能用該結構強調由since或as引導的原因狀語從句，如不能說:It is everybody is here that let's begin our discussion.也不能說: It was as it was raining hard that they had to stay at home.

　　（4）強調"not...until"結構

　　在強調"not...until"結構中由until短語（或從句）表示的時間狀語時，要用固定的強調句型"It is/was not until ... that ... 。" 其中that從句中的謂語動詞用肯定式。

　　My father did not come until 12 o'clock last night.

　　= It was not until 12 o'clock last night that my father came home.昨晚直到十二點我父親才回家。

　　It was not until his father came in that the boy began to prepare his lessons. 直到她爸爸進來時，那個男孩才開始復習功課。

　　It was not until she came to see us that we knew her mother was ill in bed. 直到她來看我們時，我才知道她媽媽臥病在床。

　　（5）在強調一般疑問句中的某一成分時，主句要用一般疑問句的語序。

　　Did this happen in Guangzhou?

　　=Was it in Guangzhou that this happened? 此事是在廣州發生的嗎？

　　Was it in 1969 that the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon？是在1969年美國宇航員成功登上月球的嗎？

　　（6）特殊疑問句中只有疑問詞可以強調，其強調結構是："疑問詞+is/was it +that … ？"

　　When did you get to know her?

　　=When was it that you got to know her? 你是在什么時候認識她的？

　　（7）可以強調方式狀語和以because引導的原因狀語從句。

　　It was unwillingly that he did it for me. 他是不情愿地替我做的那件事。

　　It was because he was ill that we had to come back early. 正是因為他病了，我們才不得不早歸。

　　（8）可以強調賓語補足語，當連系動詞不是be，表語部分是名詞性詞組時，也可使用這種結構強調表語，但是，當連系動詞是be時，不能強調表語。

　　It is white that they painted the house. 他們把房子漆成的是白色。（強調賓語補足語）

　　It is a chief engineer that he becomes now. 他現在擔任的是總工程師。（強調表語）

　　（9）強調句的謂語動詞除了可采用現在時和過去時的單數形式外，有時根據需要還可采用復雜的形式。

　　It must have been Mary that you saw just now. 你剛才看到的一定是瑪麗。